PATHOLOGY – Catherine Shalini Raja

MICROBIOLOGY-2MARKS-PART-2

NAME CONTRIBUTIONS OF ANTON VON LEEUWENHOEK:

Anton van Leeuwenhoek is another scientist who saw these cells soon after Hooke did. He made use of a microscope containing improved lenses that could magnify objects almost 300-fold, or 270x. Leeuwenhoek named these “animalcules,” which included protozoa and other unicellular organisms, like bacteria
Van Leeuwenhoek discovered “protozoa” – the single-celled organisms and he called them “animalcules”. He also improved the microscope and laid foundation for microbiology. He is often cited as the first microbiologist to study muscle fibers, bacteria, spermatozoa and blood flow in capillaries.

LEPRA CELLS:

Distinctive, large, mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages) with a foamlike cytoplasm, and also poorly staining saclike structures resulting from degeneration of such cells, observed characteristically in leprous inflammatory reactions.
Indistinct staining results from numerous, fairly closely packed leprosy bacilli, which are acid fast and resistant to staining by ordinary methods.

NECROSIS:

The death of living cells or tissues. Necrosis can be due, for example, to ischemia (lack of blood flow). From the Greek “nekros” (dead body).
Aseptic necrosis necrosis without infection or inflammation.
Balser’s fatty necrosis gangrenous pancreatitis with omental bursitis and disseminated patches of necrosis of fatty tissues.
Acute tubular necrosis acute renal failure with mild to severe damage or necrosis of tubule cells, usually secondary to either nephrotoxicity, ischemia after major surgery, trauma , severe hypovolemia, sepsis, or burns.
Central necrosis necrosis affecting the central portion of an affected bone, cell, or lobule of the liver.