ARTICLE CONTRIBUTORS,
3RD YEAR BPT. VINAYAKA MISSIONS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY.
- SOUNDARYA
- VISHWA
- KOWSALYA
- IMMAN BABU
- VASANTH KUMAR.
DEFINE CEREBRAL PALSY?
- IT IS A NON PROGRESSIVE NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER.
- IT IS OTHER WISE CALLED AS LITTLE DISEASE.
- IT IS A GROUP DISORDER AFFECT MUSCLE MOVEMENT AND COORDINATION.
- AFFCETING THE BRAIN, LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM
- CEREBRAL – HAVING TO DO WITH BRAIN
- PALSY- WEAKNESS OR PROBLEM WITH BODY MOVEMENT.
WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS IN CEREBRAL PALSY?
- EARLY ONSET
- IMPAIRED MOTOR SKILLS
- IMPAIRED CO-ORDINATION
- NON- PROGRESSIVE IN NATURE
- DELAYED MILESTONE
TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY?
- SPASTIC
- ATHETOID
- ATAXIC
- RIGID
- MIXED
DEFINE SPASTIC?
- IT IS DAMAGE OF CEREBRAL PALSY
- AFFECTING APPROXIMATELT 80% OF PEOPLE.
- IT IS MOST COMMON TYPE OF CEREBRAL PALSY.
- SPASTICITY IS A FORM OF HYPERTONIA OR INCREASED MUSCLE TONE.
- STIFF MUSCLE
- DIFFICULT MOVEMENT.
DEFINE ATHETOID?
- IT IS OTHERWISE CALLED AS DYSKINETIC CEREBRAL PALSY.
- DUE TO DAMAGE TO THE BASAL GANGLION.
- IT IS OCCUR DURING BRAIN DEVELOPMENT DUE TO BILIRUBIN ENCEPHALOPATHY AND HYPOXI A-ISCHEMIC BRAIN INJURY.
- TREMOR
- POOR POSTURE.
- INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS.
- SLOW WRITHING MOVEMENTS.
TYPES OF ATHETOID CP?
- CHOREA:-
SUDDEN INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT , ESPECIALLY IN FINGER AND TOES.
- ATHETOSIS:-
SLUGGISH, WRITING MOVEMENTS , MAINLY IN FINGERS AND FACE.
- CHOREA ATHETOID:-
A COMBINATION OF CHOREA AND ATHETOSIS.
- ATAXIA:-
LOSS OF BALANCE AND CO-ORDINATION.
- DYSKINESIA:-
GENERAL TERM TO DESCRIBE INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS.
- DYSTONIA:-
SLOW, ROTATIONAL MOVEMENTS OF THE TORSO,ARM OR LEG.
DEFINE ATAXIA?
- IT IS DUE TO DAMAGE TO CEREBELLUM.
- IT IS AFFECTING IN 5-10% PEOPLE.
- ATAXIA MEANING LACK OF COORDINATION AND ORDER.
SYMPTOMS:-
DIFFICULTY WALKING.
PROBLEM WITH BALANCE AND CO-ORDINATION.
NON SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY?
- IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS EXTRAPYRAMIDAL CEREBRAL PALSY.
- 20% OF PEOPLE AFFECTED.
- IT IS ABNORMAL MOVEMENTS IN ARM,LEG, HAND, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO CONTROL BODY MOVEMENT AND CO-ORDINATION.
TYPES OF NON SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY?
- DYSKINETIC
- ATHETOID
- ATAXIC
HYPERTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY?
- HYPERTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY ALSO KNOWN AS HYPOTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY.
- IT IS A FORM OF THE DISORDER MARKED BY ABNORMALLY RELAXED MUSCLE AND DECREASED MUSCLE TONE.
SYMPTOMS OF HYPOTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY?
- MUSCLE SPASM
- MUSCLE RESISTANCE WHEN TRYING TO MAKE MOVEMENTS.
- RESPIRATORY ISSUSES.
- SCISSOR MOVEMENT WITH LEGS.
- RANDOM MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS.
- ABNORMAL TRUNCAL TONE.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CP?
- HEMIPLEGIA:- ONE SIDE OF THE BODY WILL BE AFFECTED
- DIPLEGIA:- IT AFFECTED UPPER OR LOWER LIMB
- MONOPLEGIA:- ONLY ONE LIMB WILL BE AFFECTED
- QUADRIPLEGIA:- ALL THE FOUR LIMBS WILL BE AFFECTED
WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL FEATURES IN CEREBRAL PALSY?
- ADUCTOR SPASM OF HIP
- DROOPING OF SALIVA
- VISUAL PROBLEM
- HEARING PROBLEM
- SPEECH DIFFICULTY
- EPILEPSY
- INCONTINENCE OF URINE
- BEHAVIOURAL ABNORMALITIES
- SEZUIRES
- COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES
- LEARNING DIFFICULTIES.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES IN CEREBRAL PALSY?
- PRENATAL:-
- GENETIC FACTOR
- PREMATURITY
- MATERNAL INFECTION
- PERINATAL:-
- HYPOXIA
- TWISTING OF UMBLICAL CORD
- HYPERTHERMIA
- BIRTH INJURY
- POST NATAL:-
- INFECTION – TORCH INFECTION
- INFARCTION
- JAUNDICE
- NEONATAL INFECTION
- BLEEDING IN INTERAL CAROTID ARTERY
WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTOR IN CEREBRAL PALSY?
- PREMATURE BIRTH
- LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
- BREECH BIRTH
- FEET COME OUT FIRST.
PREVENTION OF CEREBRAL PALSY?
- AVOID ABNORMAL DELIVERIES
- AVOID SKULL INJURIES
- AVOID MOTHER WHILE PREGNANCY CONSUPTION OF ALCOHOL.
- DON’T SMOKE.
HOW SEVERALY CHILD WILL BE AFFECTED BY CEREBRAL PALSY?
- DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF CEREBRAL PALSY AND THE EXTENT OF THE BRAIN DAMAGE OR BRAIN MALFORMATION WHICH CAUSED IT.
- IMPAIRMENT FROM CEREBRAL PALSY FROM MILD TO SEVERE.
- MANY PEOPLE WITH CEREBRAL PALSY LEAD NEARLY NORMAL LIVES, WHILE SOME CEREBRAL PALSY PATIENT REQUIRE CONSTANT CARE FROM OTHER THROUGHOUT THEIR LIVES.
IS CEREBRAL PALSY HEREDITARY?
- SOME CASES OF BRAIN MALFORMATION ARE DUE TO GENE ABNORMALITIES WHICH PREVENT THE BRAIN FROM DEVELOPING NORMALLY, BUT THIS IS RARE.
- MOST CASES OF CEREBRAL PALSY ARE NOT IN ANYWAY HEREDITARY, BUT ARE DUE TO FACTOR WHICH OCCURRED DURING THE COURSE OF THE PREGNANCY.
WHAT IS CONGENITAL CEREBRAL PALSY?
- THE TERM CONGENITAL MEANS PRESENT AT BIRTH BETWEEN 90-95% OF CEREBRAL PALSY BIRTH CASES ARE CONGENITAL
- CONGENITAL CEREBRAL INCLUDE THOSE CASE WHICH WERE CAUSED BY OXYGEN DEPRIVATION DURING BIRTH.
- BRAIN TRAUMA, INFECTION, STROKES AND OTHER PROBLEM AFTER BIRTH CAN OCCASIONALY CAUSE ACQUIRED CEREBRAL PALSY.
DEFINE RIGID CEREBRAL PALSY?
- IT IS A TYPE OF CEREBRAL PALSY.
- THIS IS INCREASED TONE OF MUSCLE IN BOTH AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST MUSCLE.
DEFINE MIXED CEREBRAL PALSY?
- IT IS A TYPE OF CEREBRAL PALSY.
- IT IS A CONDITION OF MIXTURE OF ALL THE FOUR TYPE OF CEREBRAL PALSY.
- THE FOUR TYPE IN SPASTIC, ATHETOID, ATAXIC, RIGID.
CAUSES OF MIXED CEREBRAL PALSY?
- DAMAGE TO MOTOR CORTEX.
- DAMAGE TO PYRAMIDAL TRACTS.
- DAMAGE TO BASAL GANGLIA
- DAMAGE TO CEREBELLUM
- LACK OXYGEN IN DURING BIRTH.
WHAT ARE THE TREATMENT IN CEREBRAL PALSY?
- PHENOBARBITONE
- PHENYTONIN
- CARBOMAZEPINE
- DIAZEPAM
- DANTROLENE
- CLONAZEPAM.
WHAT IS HYPOTONIC CEREBRAL PALSY?
- HYPOTONIA IS DIMINISHED MUSCLE TONE.
- IT RESULT IN SEVERE BRAIN DAMAGE OR MALFORMATIONS
- ABNORMALITIES IN WALKING.
- SPEECH DIFFICULTY.
TEAM WORK.
STUDENTS FROM VMCPT
3RD YEAR.
2015-2016.