3RD YEAR BPT. VINAYAKA MISSIONS COLLEGE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY.
- SOUNDARYA
- VISHWA
- KOWSALYA
- IMMAN BABU
- VASANTH KUMAR.
DEFINE SPINA BIFIDA?
- IT IS A BIRTH DEFECT WHERE THERE IS INCOMPLETE CLOSING OF THE BACK BONE AND MEMBRANES AROUND THE SPINAL CORD.
- IT OFTEN CAUSES PARALYSIS OF THE LOWER LIMB AND SOMETIME LEARNING DIFFICULTIES.
TYPES OF SPINA BIFIDA?
- SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA
- MENINGOCELE
- MYELO MENINGOCELE
WHAT IS SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA?
- SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA IS A COMMON MALFORMATION OF THE SPINE.
- IT OCCURS DURING A BABY’S IN ITS MOTHER’S WOMB, USUALLY IN THE FIRST MONTH OF PREGNANCY.
SYMPTOMS OF SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA?
- BACK PAIN
- LEG WEAKNESS
- PAIN IN THE BACK OF THE LEG
- LOSS OF BLADDER OR BOWEL CONTROL.
- SCOLIOSIS
- NUMBNESS IN THE BACK LEG
- MISSHAPEN LEG AND FEET.
MENINGOCELE?
- PROTRUSION OF THE MEMBRANES THAT COVER THE SPINE AND PART OF THE SPINAL CORD THROUGH A BONE DEFECT IN THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN.
- PROTRUSION OF THE MENINGES THROUGH AN OPENING IN THE SKULL OR SPINAL COLUMN, FORMING A BULGE OR SAC FILLED WITH CEREBROSPINAL FLUID.
SYMPTOMS OF MENINGOCELE?
- INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS.
- TROUBLE WITH BLADDER CONTROL
- NUMBNESS
- PARALYSIS
- NERVE INJURY
- INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY.
DEFINE MYELOMENINGOCELE?
- MYELOMENINGOCELE IS A DEFECT OF BACK BONE AND SPINAL CORD.
- BEFORE BIRTH, THE BABY’S SPINE THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL CORD DO NOT FORM OR CLOSE NORMALLY.
- A MYELOMENINGOCELE IS THE MOST SERIOUS FORM OF SPINA BIFIDA.
SYMPTOMS OF MYELOMENINGOCELE?
- LOSS OF SENSATION
- BOWEL AND BLADDER PROBLEM
- PARALYSIS
- ORTHOPEDIC DEFORMIIES
- HYDROCEPHALUS
- CHIARI MALFORMATION
- SEIZURES.
DEFINE BIFIDA CYSTIA?
- A BONY DEFECT IN THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN THE CAUSE A CLEFT INN THE COLUMN
- THE MENINGEAL MEMBRANE THAT COVER THE SPINAL AND PART OF THE SPINAL CORD PROTRUDE THROUGH THESE CLEFT & ARE CLEARLY VISIBLE.
- THE OPENING CAN BE SURGICALLY REPAIRED USUALLY SHORTLY AFTER BIRTH.
RISK FACTOR IN SPINA BIFIDA?
- FALATE DFICIECY
- SOME MEDICATION
- DIABETES
- OBESITY
- INCREASED BODY TEMPERATURE.
WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATION INN SPINNA BIFIDA?
- THE SIZE AND LOCATION OF THE NEURAL TUBE DEFECT.
- WHETHER SKIN COVER THE AFFECTED AREA.
- WHICH SPINAL NERVES COME OUT OF THE AFFECTED AREA OF THE SPINAL CORD.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS IN SPINA BIFIDA?
- LEG WEAKNESS AND PARALYSIS
- ORTHOPEDIC ABNORMALITIES.
- BOWEL AND BLADDER PROBLEM
- ABNORMAL EYE MOVEMENT
- URINARY TRACT INJECTION.
COMPLICATION IN MENINGOMYELOMA?
- INCREASED INTRA CRANIAL PRESSURE
- VENTRICULITIS AND MENINGITIS
- HYDROCEPHALUS
- CEREBRAL PALSY
- EPILEPSY
- MENTAL RETARDATION.
PREVENTION OF SPINA BIFIDA?
- 400 MICROGRAM OF FOLIC ACID EVERY DAY.
- STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT IF ALL WOMEN WHO COULD BECOME PREGNANT WERE TO TAKE A MULTI VITAMIN WITH THE B- VITAMIN FOLIC ACID, THE RISK OF NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS COULD BE REDUCED BY UP TO 70%.
DIAGNOSIS OF SPINA BIFIDA?
- PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
- BLOOD TEST
- MENTERNAL SERUM ALPHA FEETOPROTEIN TEST (MSAFPT)
- ULTRA SOUND
- POST NATAL DIAGNOSIS
- X – RAY OF THE LOWER SPINE
- CT SCAN
- MRI SCAN.
TREATMENT OF SPINA BIFIDA?
- CARBAMAZEPINE – DURING PREGNANCY
- SURGICAL TREATMENT:-
- CLOSING THE SPINAL ARCHES WITHHOUT DAMAGINNG THE SPINAL NERVES.
- SPINAL OSTEOTOMY
- AFTER SURGERY DO CSF SHUNT
CAUSES OF SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA?
- DIPLOMYELIA – DUPLICATION OF THE SPINAL CORD.
- DIASTEMATOMYELIA – BONY SEPTUM THAT DIVIDE THE SPINAL CORD.
- MYELODYSPLASIA – DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT OF THE SPINNAL CORD.
- ERRORS IN SKELETAL SEGMENTATION.
INVESTIGATION OF SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA?
- AMNIOCENTESIS:-
- 16 – 18 WEEKS OF PREGNANCY
- INCREASED ALPHA – FETOPROTEIN
- INCREASED ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
- ULTRA SOUND EXAMINATION
- MRI SCAN.
SYRINGOMYELOCELE?
- IN THE CONDITION OF SYRINGOMYELOCELE, THERE IS DISTENTION OF THE CENTRAL CANAL OF THE CORD ASSOCIATED WITH PROTRUSION OF SPINAL CORD OUT OF THE BONY DEFECT.
DEFINE MYELOCELE?
- IN MYELOCELE, THE NEURAL CANAL ITSELF IS OPEN AND THERE IA AN ELONGATED FISSURE WITHH A GROSS SPINAL DEFECT ON THE BACK.
VARIOUS DEFORMITIES IN MYELOMENINGOCELE?
- SPINE – KYPHOSCOLIOSIS
- HIP – FLEXION, ABDUCTION DEFORMITIES
- KNEE – FLEXION DEFORMITIES
- FOOT & LEG – EQUINO VARUS AND VALGUS DEFORMITIES.
ANTERIOR SPINA BIFIDA?
- ANTERIOR SPINA BIFIDA IS A RARE CONDITION IN WHICH THE SEGMENT OF VERTEBRAL BODY FAIL TO FUSE.
EMBRYOLOGY OF SPINA BIFIDA?
- ONCE THE NEURAL CANAL IS FORMED THE SURFACE ECTODERM, THERE IS A SHEET OF MESODERM ANTERIOR TO IT THAT DEVELOPMENT INTO THE NOTOCHORD.
- TWO PROJECTION ARISE FROM THE BODY THAT GROW AROUND THE NEURAL CANAL TO FORM THE VERTEBRAL ARCH.
TEAM WORK
3RD YEAR BPT., VMCPT.